Personal pronouns

1. Pronouns are words we use in the place of a noun

• She is very smart (Mary)
• It is very nice (the car)

2. We use 'he/him' to refer to men and 'she/her' to refer to women; when we are not sure if we are talking about a man or a woman, we use 'they/them'

• This is Jack. He is my brother. I don’t think you have met him. (Jack is a man)
• This is Angela. She is my sister. Have you met her before? (Angela is a woman)
• Talk to a friend. Ask them to help you. (We don't know if the friend is a man or a woman)
• You could go to a doctor. They might help you. (We don't know if the doctor is a man or a woman)

3. We use subject pronouns as the subject of the verb

• He is my friend
• It is raining
• We live in England

4. We use object pronouns...

as the object of the verb

• Can you help me please?
• We saw them yesterday, but they didn’t see us

after prepositions

• She is waiting for me
• Why are you looking at her?

5. We use reflexive pronouns when the same person is the subject and object of the verb

• I cut myself shaving this morning
• He looked at himself in the mirror